Leslie Bromberg: Using plasma to convert waste to fuel (imagine using garden and household waste to make energy).
Rod Brooks: Robots that are practical and affordable.
Neil Gershenfeld: The digitization of fabrication, the consequence of which will be personalization -- allowing anyone to make almost anything anywhere.
Paula Hammond: Electrochemical energy: The reduction and oxidation of materials to either generate energy or to store it.
William J. Mitchell: Rebuilding our cities in "smart" sustainable form, with ubiquitous networking that will allow cities to respond like intelligent organisms to dynamic changes in the needs of their inhabitants.
Michael Strano: Embedding low-cost electronics into almost every object that we encounter on a day-to-day basis.
Mehmet Faith Yanik: Significant extension of the human lifespan by disease-preventative and tissue-regenerative technologies.
Shuguang Zhang: Low-cost, nanoscale solar cells.